Pacemakers Market Report by Implantability (Implantable/Internal Pacemakers, External Pacemakers), Type (Conventional, MRI Compatible), Technology (Single-chamber, Dual-chamber, Biventricular/CRT), End User (Hospitals & Clinics, Ambulatory Surgical Centers), Region and Competitive Landscape (Market Share, Business Overview, Products Offered, Business Strategies, SWOT Analysis and Major News and Events) 2024-2032

Pacemakers Market Report by Implantability (Implantable/Internal Pacemakers, External Pacemakers), Type (Conventional, MRI Compatible), Technology (Single-chamber, Dual-chamber, Biventricular/CRT), End User (Hospitals & Clinics, Ambulatory Surgical Centers), Region and Competitive Landscape (Market Share, Business Overview, Products Offered, Business Strategies, SWOT Analysis and Major News and Events) 2024-2032

Report Format: PDF+Excel | Report ID: SR112024A22736
Buy Now

Pacemakers Market Size:

The pacemakers market size reached US$ 5.41 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 8.61 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 5.1% during 2024-2032. The rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease, the aging global population, advancements in pacemaker technology, growing healthcare expenditure, increasing awareness about heart health, and the availability of reimbursement policies are some of the factors propelling the growth of the market.

Report Attribute
Key Statistics
Base Year
2023
Forecast Years
2024-2032
Historical Years
2018-2023
Market Size in 2023 US$ 5.41 Billion
Market Forecast in 2032 US$ 8.61 Billion
Market Growth Rate (2024-2032) 5.1%


Pacemakers Market Analysis:

  • Major Market Drivers: The increasing incidence of cardiovascular disorders, an aging population, and technological advancements in pacemaker devices are the major drivers of the market across the globe. The increasing healthcare spending and supportive reimbursement framework a further fueling the market growth. Global efforts to enhance cardiac care infrastructure and rising awareness regarding the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment of heart-related conditions play crucial roles in the market growth.
  • Key Market Trends: The rising development of leadless pacemakers, which offer less invasive options and reduce complications represents the key trends in the market. There is also a shift towards MRI-compatible pacemakers, allowing patients to undergo MRI scans safely. The integration of advanced monitoring technologies for real-time data and improved patient management is gaining traction.
  • Geographical Trends: North America accounts for the largest region in the pacemaker market outlook. The region’s aging population, significant technological advancements in pacemaker technology, growing awareness of heart health and proactive screening, increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, and rising healthcare infrastructure are driving the demand for pacemakers in the region.
  • Competitive Landscape: Some of the major market players in the pacemakers industry include Abbott Laboratories, Inc., Boston Scientific Corporation, Medtronic plc, BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Lepu Medical Technology, Shree Pacetronix Ltd. y, Osypka Medical, MicroPort Scientific Corporation, Medico S.R.L., and Vitatron, among many others.
  • Challenges and Opportunities: The market faces various challenges such as risks associated with pacemaker implantation, high device costs, and strict regulatory approvals which can delay product launches. However, the market also faces several opportunities including the potential for growth in emerging markets driven by rising healthcare access and expenditure and advances in technology like the development of leadless and energy-efficient pacemakers.
     

Pacemakers Market Drivers:

Rising Cardiovascular Diseases

The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is acting as a major growth-inducing factor in the market across the globe. As heart conditions like arrhythmias, heart block, and atrial fibrillation become more common, especially in aging populations, the demand for pacemakers increases. These devices are essential for managing heart rhythm disorders, ensuring that patients maintain a functional heart rate. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 person dies every 33 seconds in the United States from cardiovascular disease. About 6,90,000 in the United States died from heart disease in 2021, which is 1 in every 5 deaths. According to the National Centre for Biotechnology Information, the prevalence of arrhythmia is expected to be 1.5% to 5% in the general population, with atrial fibrillation being the most common. This is further driving the pacemakers market statistics.

Increasing Expenditure on Healthcare

The market is also driven by rising healthcare expenditures due to enhancing access to advanced medical treatments and technologies. As governments and private entities invest more in healthcare infrastructure such as cardiac care, the availability and adoption of pacemakers increase. This investment also supports the integration of cutting-edge technologies in pacemakers from what improving patient outcomes. According to the American Medical Association, health spending in the US increased by 4.1% in 2022 to $4.4 trillion or $13,493 per capita. This growth rate is comparable to pre-pandemic rates (4.1% in 2019). This is fueling the pacemakers market revenue.

Growing Aging Population

The growing aging population is contributing to the growth of the market. As people age, they are more prone to cardiac conditions like arrhythmia and heart block, which necessitate the use of pacemakers. Older adults represent a significant portion of the patient base requiring cardiac rhythm management, thereby increasing the demand for pacemakers. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by 20-30, one in six people in the world will be aged 60 years or over. At this time the share of the population aged 60 years and over will increase from 1 billion in 2020 to 1.4 billion. By 2050, the world’s population of people aged 60 years and older will double (2.1 billion). The number of persons aged 80 years or older is expected to triple between 2020 and 2050 to reach 426 million.

Pacemakers Market Opportunities:

Advancement in Technology

Significant technological advancements are boosting the market across the globe by introducing more efficient, safer, and user-friendly devices. Innovations like MRI-compatible and leadless pacemakers enhance patient safety and comfort, which makes these devices more appealing. The development of smart pacemakers with remote monitoring capabilities allows for better patient management and continuous care reducing hospital visits. Such improvements not only enhance the efficacy of treatments but also widen the potential user pays thereby creating significant market opportunities for both healthcare providers and manufacturers.

Growing Collaboration and Partnership

Collaborations and partnerships in the pacemakers market are driving opportunities by providing resources, technologies, and expertise to accelerate expansion and innovation. Such alliances between medical device companies and technology forms lead to the development of advanced peacemaker technologies and enhanced product offerings. Collaborations often extend to healthcare providers and research institutions improving clinical outcomes through shared knowledge and practice insights. These partnerships facilitate market penetration, especially in emerging regions, and enable a more efficient regulatory approval process, significantly fueling the market growth. For instance, in 2022, Ceryx Medical partnered with Berlin-based Osypka Medical to develop a heart-pacing device that it says will change the way patients with heart failure and other cardiac conditions are treated.

Rising Integration of AI

The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into pacemakers is driving market opportunities by enhancing device functionality and patient monitoring. AI algorithms can predict and manage cardiac events by analyzing heart rhythm data in real-time, offering personalized treatment adjustments. This capability improves the efficacy and safety of pacemakers, reducing the risk of complications. In line with this, AI-driven insights can assist in preventive cardiac care, increasing patient trust and dependency on these advanced devices, thereby expanding the market for smarter, more responsive pacemakers.

Key Technological Trends & Development:

Leadless Technology

The demand for leadless technology in pacemakers is driven by several factors including enhanced patient safety due to reduced risk of infection and lead-related complications, minimally invasive procedures that decrease recovery time, and the technology's compact size, which eliminates the need for surgical pocket and leads. Advancements in battery life and device longevity make these devices more appealing. For instance, the AVEIR AR Leadless Pacemaker Is the only single chamber atrial list speaker that offers a safe, effective, and upgradable basing solution for patients with sinus node dysfunction and normal AV and interventricular conduction systems.

Wireless Technology

The demand for wireless technology in pacemakers is driven by various factors including increased patient comfort due to the elimination of leads, which reduces potential complications and infections, improves device monitoring capabilities, allows real-time data tracking and remote patient management, advancements in battery technology, enhancing device longevity and reliability, and growing trend towards the minimally invasive procedure. For instance, the Assurity MRI pacemaker is the world's smallest, longest lasting wireless MRI pacemaker. The greater longevity of Assurity MRI pacemaker reduces the chance of potential device replacement, which means less risk for infection and complications. No wait 3T and 1.5T MRI options ensure your patients can get the care they need when they need it. This is further influencing the pacemakers market development.

Programmable Real-time Electrogram (EGM) Waveform

The demand for programmable real-time electrogram (EGM) waveform technology in pacemakers is driven by the need for enhanced diagnostic accuracy and personalized cardiac care. This technology allows for real-time monitoring and adjustment of therapy based on patient-specific cardiac activity, improving treatment outcomes. It also facilitates early detection of arrhythmias and other cardiac events, enabling timely medical responses. The capacity to program and adjust settings remotely increases patient convenience and reduces the need for frequent hospital visits, further boosting its appeal in the pacemaker market.

Pacemakers Market Segmentation:

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each segment of the market, along with forecasts at the global, regional, and country levels for 2024-2032. Our report has categorized the market based on implantability, type, technology, and end user.

Breakup by Implantability:

  • Implantable/Internal Pacemakers
  • External Pacemakers
     

Implantable/internal pacemakers accounts for the majority of the market share

The report has provided a detailed breakup and analysis of the market based on implantability. This includes implantable/internal pacemakers and external pacemakers. According to the report, implantable/internal pacemakers represented the largest segment.

The demand for implantable/internal peacemakers is primarily driven by the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases such as heart block, heart failure, and arrhythmias, especially in aging populations worldwide. Significant technological advancements enhancing the reliability and functionality of pacemakers are also propelling the market growth. The increasing healthcare spending, enhanced healthcare infrastructure, and rising awareness of advanced treatment options are contributing to the market demand. The development of MRI-safe pacemakers and longer battery life features are broadening the patient's eligibility for receiving these devices.

Breakup by Type:

  • Conventional
  • MRI Compatible
     

Conventional holds the largest share of the industry

A detailed breakup and analysis of the market based on the type have also been provided in the report. This includes conventional and MRI compatible. According to the report, conventional accounted for the largest market share.

The demand for conventional pacemakers is primarily driven by the established track record of safety and efficacy, making them a trusted choice for healthcare providers and patients. Conventional pacemakers are often more affordable as compared to newer, advanced models which makes them accessible to a wider patient population, especially in regions with limited healthcare resources or cost constraints. Deep familiarity and extensive clinical experience with conventional pacemakers contribute to their continued demand in the market. The simplicity of their design and functionality appeals to healthcare professionals who prefer straightforward options for specific patient needs.

Breakup by Technology:

  • Single-chamber
  • Dual-chamber
  • Biventricular/CRT
     

Dual-chamber represents the leading market segment 

The report has provided a detailed breakup and analysis of the market based on the technology. This includes single-chamber, dual-chamber, and biventricular/CRT. According to the report, dual-chamber represented the largest segment.

The demand for dual chamber pacemaker technology is majorly driven by it offering more physiological pacing by coordinating the electrical impulses between the Atria and ventricles, mimicking the natural heart rhythm more closely. This improves cardiac function and reduces the risk of complications like pacemaker syndrome and atrial fibrillation. Dual-chamber pacemakers provide greater flexibility in treating complex arrhythmias and optimizing hard performance, particularly in patients with atrioventricular conduction disorders. Significant advancements in technology are leading to smaller, more durable devices with enhanced features such as automatic mode switching, thereby promoting their adoption in a wider range of patient populations.

Breakup by End User:

  • Hospitals & Clinics
  • Ambulatory Surgical Centers
     

Hospitals & clinics exhibits a clear dominance in the market 

A detailed breakup and analysis of the market based on the end user have also been provided in the report. This includes hospitals & clinics, and ambulatory surgical centers. According to the report, hospitals & clinics accounted for the largest market share.

The demand for pacemakers in hospitals and clinics is majorly driven by the increasing number of cases of cardiovascular diseases which necessitates the use of pacemakers for patient management.  These cardiovascular diseases include heart block, heart failure, and arrhythmias which are driving the demand for pacemakers. Advancements in medical technology and surgical techniques are making pacemaker implantation safer and more effective, boosting their adoption by healthcare providers. Aging populations and changing lifestyles contribute to the growing patient pool requiring cardiac interventions.

Breakup by Region:

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • France
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Spain
    • Others
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • India
    • South Korea
    • Australia
    • Indonesia
    • Others
  • Latin America
    • Brazil
    • Mexico
    • Others
  • Middle East
  • Africa
     

North America leads the market, accounting for the largest pacemakers market share

The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of all the major regional markets, which include North America (the United States and Canada); Europe (Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, and others); Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia, Indonesia, and others); Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, and others); and the Middle East, and Africa. According to the report, North America represents the largest regional market for pacemakers.

The North American region is dominating the global pacemakers market due to the region’s aging population which is contributing to the higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. For instance, according to the Population Reference Bureau, the number of Americans ages 65 and older is projected to increase from 58 million in 2022 to 85,000,000 by 2050 (a 47% increase), and the 65 and older age group’s share of the total population is projected to rise from 17% to 23%. This is likely to fuel the pacemakers market forecast over the coming years across the region. Continuous technological advancements in pacemaker technology like MRI-compatible devices and wireless monitoring compatibilities, drive market growth by enhancing patient outcomes and improving quality of care.

Analysis Covered Across Each Country:

  • Historical, current, and future market performance
  • Historical, current, and future performance of the market based on implantability, type, technology, and end user.
  • Competitive landscape
  • Government regulations
     

Competitive Landscape:

The market research report has provided a comprehensive analysis of the competitive landscape covering market structure, market share by key players, market player positioning, top winning strategies, competitive dashboard, and company evaluation quadrant, among others. Detailed profiles of all major companies have also been provided. This includes business overview, product offerings, business strategies, SWOT analysis, financials, and major news and events. Some of the major market players in the pacemakers industry include Abbott Laboratories, Inc., Boston Scientific Corporation,   Medtronic plc, BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Lepu Medical Technology, Shree Pacetronix Ltd. y, Osypka Medical, MicroPort Scientific Corporation, Medico S.R.L., and Vitatron, among others. The pacemaker is highly competitive, with several companies dominating the market where their extensive product portfolios, technological advancements, and strong mobile distribution network. Smaller players and emerging market entrants contribute to the competitive landscape, offering niche products and innovative solutions. Strategic partnerships, mergers, and acquisitions are common strategies employed by companies to strengthen their market presence and expand their product offerings. For instance, in March 2024, BIOTRONIK introduces a complete Conduction System Pacing (CSP) Solution, including the world's first approved CSP system, extensive training, and professional assistance.

Analysis Covered for Each Player:

  • Market Share
  • Business Overview
  • Products Offered
  • Business Strategies
  • SWOT Analysis
  • Major News and Events
     

Pacemakers Market News:

  • In December 2023, Abbott unveiled the i2i Communication Technology in the AVEIR DR Leadless Pacemakers (LP) System. The AVEIR DR LP System, housing two leadless pacemakers, orchestrates a symphony within the heart through an innovative communication technology known as i2i (implant-to-implant) communication.
  • In March 2024, MicroPort CRM, a pioneer in the field of Cardiac Rhythm Management, headquarters in France, announced the first implantation in the United States of the ALIZEA Bluetooth pacemaker system, a combination of the ALIZEA pacemaker generator and VEGA pacing leads. The procedure was completed by Doctor Jerry Floro at PIH Health Downey Hospital in Downey.
  • In May 2023, Medtronic plc, a global leader in healthcare technology announced it has received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for its Micra AV2 and Micra VR2, the next generation of its industry reading miniaturized, leadless pacemakers.
     

Pacemakers Market Report Scope:

Report Features Details
Base Year of the Analysis 2023
Historical Period 2018-2023
Forecast Period 2024-2032
Units US$ Billion
Scope of the Report Exploration of Historical Trends and Market Outlook, Industry Catalysts and Challenges, Segment-Wise Historical and Future Market Assessment:
  • Implantability
  • Type
  • Technology
  • End User
  • Region
Implantabilities Covered Implantable/Internal Pacemakers, External Pacemakers
Types Covered Conventional, MRI Compatible
Technologies Covered Single-chamber, Dual-chamber, Biventricular/CRT
End Users Covered Hospitals & Clinics, Ambulatory Surgical Centers
Regions Covered Asia Pacific, Europe, North America, Latin America, Middle East, Africa
Countries Covered United States, Canada, Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia, Indonesia, Brazil, Mexico
Companies Covered Abbott Laboratories, Inc., Boston Scientific Corporation, Medtronic plc, BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG, Lepu Medical Technology, Shree Pacetronix Ltd. y, Osypka Medical, MicroPort Scientific Corporation, Medico S.R.L., and Vitatron, etc. (Please note that this is only a partial list of the key players, and the complete list is provided in the report.)
Customization Scope 10% Free Customization
Post-Sale Analyst Support 10-12 Weeks
Delivery Format PDF and Excel through Email (We can also provide the editable version of the report in PPT/Word format on special request)


Key Questions Answered in This Report:

  • How has the global pacemakers market performed so far, and how will it perform in the coming years?
  • What are the drivers, restraints, and opportunities in the global pacemakers market?
  • What is the impact of each driver, restraint, and opportunity on the global pacemakers market?
  • What are the key regional markets?
  • Which countries represent the most attractive pacemakers market?
  • What is the breakup of the market based on implantability?
  • Which is the most attractive implantability in the pacemakers market?
  • What is the breakup of the market based on the type?
  • Which is the most attractive type in the pacemakers market?
  • What is the breakup of the market based on the technology?
  • Which is the most attractive technology in the pacemakers market?
  • What is the breakup of the market based on the end user?
  • Which is the most attractive end user in the pacemakers market?
  • What is the competitive structure of the market?
  • Who are the key players/companies in the global pacemakers market?

Key Benefits for Stakeholders:

  • IMARC’s industry report offers a comprehensive quantitative analysis of various market segments, historical and current market trends, market forecasts, and dynamics of the pacemakers market from 2018-2032.
  • The research report provides the latest information on the market drivers, challenges, and opportunities in the global pacemakers market.
  • The study maps the leading, as well as the fastest-growing, regional markets. It further enables stakeholders to identify the key country-level markets within each region.
  • Porter's five forces analysis assists stakeholders in assessing the impact of new entrants, competitive rivalry, supplier power, buyer power, and the threat of substitution. It helps stakeholders to analyze the level of competition within the pacemakers industry and its attractiveness.
  • The competitive landscape allows stakeholders to understand their competitive environment and provides insight into the current positions of key players in the market. 

Need more help?

  • Speak to our experienced analysts for insights on the current market scenarios.
  • Include additional segments and countries to customize the report as per your requirement.
  • Gain an unparalleled competitive advantage in your domain by understanding how to utilize the report and positively impacting your operations and revenue.
  • For further assistance, please connect with our analysts.
Pacemakers Market Report by Implantability (Implantable/Internal Pacemakers, External Pacemakers), Type (Conventional, MRI Compatible), Technology (Single-chamber, Dual-chamber, Biventricular/CRT), End User (Hospitals & Clinics, Ambulatory Surgical Centers), Region and Competitive Landscape (Market Share, Business Overview, Products Offered, Business Strategies, SWOT Analysis and Major News and Events) 2024-2032
Purchase Options




Benefits of Customization

Personalize this research

Triangulate with your data

Get data as per your format and definition

Gain a deeper dive into a specific application, geography, customer, or competitor

Any level of personalization

Get in Touch With Us
UNITED STATES

Phone: +1-631-791-1145

INDIA

Phone: +91-120-433-0800

UNITED KINGDOM

Phone: +44-753-714-6104

Email: sales@imarcgroup.com

Client Testimonials

Aktive Services

IMARC made the whole process easy. Everyone I spoke with via email was polite, easy to deal with, kept their promises regarding delivery timelines and were solutions focused. From my first contact, I was grateful for the professionalism shown by the whole IMARC team. I recommend IMARC to all that need timely, affordable information and advice. My experience with IMARC was excellent and I can not fault it.

Read More
Greenfish S.A.

The IMARC team was very reactive and flexible with regard to our requests. A very good overall experience. We are happy with the work that IMARC has provided, very complete and detailed. It has contributed to our business needs and provided the market visibility that we required

Read More
Colruyt Group

We were very happy with the collaboration between IMARC and Colruyt. Not only were your prices competitive, IMARC was also pretty fast in understanding the scope and our needs for this project. Even though it was not an easy task, performing a market research during the COVID-19 pandemic, you were able to get us the necessary information we needed. The IMARC team was very easy to work with and they showed us that it would go the extra mile if we needed anything extra

Read More
KRISHAK BHARATI CO-OP LTD

Last project executed by your team was as per our expectations. We also would like to associate for more assignments this year. Kudos to your team.

Read More
Zee Media Corp. Ltd.

We would be happy to reach out to IMARC again, if we need Market Research/Consulting/Consumer Research or any associated service. Overall experience was good, and the data points were quite helpful.

Read More
Arabian Plastic Manufacturing Company Ltd.

The figures of market study were very close to our assumed figures. The presentation of the study was neat and easy to analyse. The requested details of the study were fulfilled. My overall experience with the IMARC Team was satisfactory.

Read More
Sumitomo Corporation

The overall cost of the services were within our expectations. I was happy to have good communications in a timely manner. It was a great and quick way to have the information I needed.

Read More
Hameln Rds

My questions and concerns were answered in a satisfied way. The costs of the services were within our expectations. My overall experience with the IMARC Team was very good.

Read More
Quality Consultants BV

I agree the report was timely delivered, meeting the key objectives of the engagement. We had some discussion on the contents, adjustments were made fast and accurate. The response time was minimum in each case. Very good. You have a satisfied customer.

Read More
TATA Advanced Systems Limited

We would be happy to reach out to IMARC for more market reports in the future. The response from the account sales manager was very good. I appreciate the timely follow ups and post purchase support from the team. My overall experience with IMARC was good.

Read More
Stax

IMARC was a good solution for the data points that we really needed and couldn't find elsewhere. The team was easy to work, quick to respond, and flexible to our customization requests.

Read More
DEinternational Egypt

IMARC did an outstanding job in preparing our study. They were punctual and precise, delivering all the data we required in a clear and well-organized format. Their attention to detail and ability to meet deadlines was impressive, making them a reliable partner for our project.

Read More
Gulf Excellent Group

I wanted to express my sincere appreciation for your efforts in handling this matter. Your dedication and commitment have truly been commendable. It is evident that you have put in a tremendous amount of hard work and expertise into resolving the issues at hand. I would also like to take this opportunity to inform you that we are greatly interested

Read More
FS Corporation Inc.

Overall, the deliverable was well organized and my experience with the project team was good. In particular, I appreciated how they responded when I requested additional information and the Japanese version.

Read More
Egyptian Industrial Investment Group

The IMARC team were extremely professional and very cooperative. The team were also extremely flexible in making changes and modifications wherever required. The entire experience right from project kick-off to after sales support was fruitful and smooth.

Read More
Vishnu Chemicals

I’d like to express my gratitude for the work you accomplished with the industry report. The way you responded to the requirements and delivered under tight timelines shows your expertise, exceptional work ethic and commitment to your customer’s success. The entire team and company are incredibly thankful for your dedication. Once again, thank you

Read More
MOUNT EVEREST BREWERIES LIMITED

The market reports from IMARC have been instrumental in guiding our business strategies. We found the reports comprehensive and data-driven, which helped us make informed decisions. The detailed insights and actionable data have consistently provided us with a competitive edge in a rapidly changing alcohol market.

Read More
Borges Branded Foods

One of the best things about IMARC is their flexibility and predisposition to tailor the reports and adapt to our needs. They are not just great in their researching and consulting solutions, but their service is unparallelled. We’ve worked with them a couple of times and we will keep working with them in future projects.

Read More
Godrej Consumer Products Limited

We recently commissioned multiple market research reports from IMARC, and the insights we received were invaluable. The depth of analysis, accuracy of data, and actionable recommendations have greatly enhanced our strategic decision-making.

Read More
ADC Therapeutics

The market estimates provided by your team were pretty much in line with what we were theorizing internally. Really appreciate the work on this.

Read More
Ivanti

The sale account manager and the service was excellent. The data and market trends gathered from the report was insightful and really assisted while planning future product and growth strategies.

Read More
Asiatic Electrical & Switchgear P. Ltd.

The report is excellent and has good amount of data and our team is extremely happy with the information provided.

Read More
Denka Co., Ltd.

Thank you very much for your cooperation and post purchase support. We were really happy with the final deliverable, and the takeaways from the report.

Read More